Raised FB20922425 as it's an Xcode feature but asking here also.
When using an xctestplan and enabling the -retry-tests-on-failure only failing XCTests are retried, but all Swift Testing @Test within the current target are retried, even if they have already passed.
Swift Testing currently has more limited support for "retry" functionality than XCTest: it behaves as you describe, by rerunning all tests if any of them fail when "retry on failure" is enabled by Xcode or xcodebuild.
I think it would be a good idea to enhance the Swift Testing library to make this more granular and only retry the specific tests which failed to avoid unnecessary work. Can you file a GitHub issue in the swift-testing repo to track that? It has come up before anecdotally but AFAIK there's not yet an issue tracking it.
Note that if such a change were made, it would be a separate task for the (closed-source) Xcode product to adopt such functionality, and that's not something I can discuss on this forum. However, the Feedback you already filed (FB20922425) can presumably be used to track that request.