Adding a package to two targets in one projects results in an error

I have a similar post about this problem. In short, my two targets are an iOS app and an iMessage extension embedded inside of it. They run as separate processes AFAICT. I initially thought that DISABLE_DIAMOND_PROBLEM_DIAGNOSTIC wasn’t working, but then I realized I had added it to an xcconfig file that wasn't actually getting used; with this (correctly) set to YES, my project builds again.